Monday, May 4, 2020

Consensus decision-making for governments in times of health crisis



Health policies design is related to a political context and must follow legal precepts, involving local stakeholders on its design and implementation process. Developing a proper and coherent political action plan for health public decisions in times of COVID-19 requires organization and information to deal with the current and future consequences of this new pandemic. 

Nowadays, the support for public decision-making in contexts of great complexity and uncertainty has been the focus of theoretical and applied research. For this reason, it is important to have methods that can support such decisions by accounting for multiple points of view and public policies objectives. 

In this context, answering strategic questions, for instance, “what to do?” and “for what?”, as well as operational questions, like “when to do it?” and “how to do it?”, may benefit of cooperative processes of acquisition and construction of collective knowledge 

How can Welphi help in this task? 

We offer a new tool designed to assist users in creating web Delphi surveys, the Welphi platform, in which participants geographically disperse can engage in debates at their own pace and time preferences, in order to generate consensus about topics set up by the facilitator. 

The Welphi platform can be used to develop different Delphi processes that aim at:

(1) identifying stakeholder and experts’ objectives and the first list of health policies that can be used to tackle the COVID-19 pandemic.  
(2) collecting opinions on the attractiveness of each health policy to achieve the objectives, in several rounds of collective knowledge generation. Same, for the doability of each policy. 
(3) combining knowledge and evidence in the previous processes to support the evaluation of health policies through the construction of a multicriteria model.


Monday, April 6, 2020

Scenarios for Population Health (PH) inequalities in 2030: The Euro-Healthy Project Experience






Health inequalities have been consistently reported across and within European countries, placing major challenges to policy-making. There are several challenges in the design and implementation of policies for reducing health inequalities, not only on how to assist policy-makers to holistically evaluate policies’ benefits but particularly on how to anticipate the extent to which future events may affect those policies. 

Scenarios development, regarding what could affect the population health inequalities, is considered critical to help policy-makers and the scientific community to prepare and better cope with fast-evolving challenges. Within this context, the Euro-Healthy Research Project (2015-2017) proposed a multicriteria Population Health Index, which took the construction of population health scenarios as a key challenge to inform the evaluation of policies in the context of health inequalities evolution.

Method

In this study, the Welphi platform was used to set up a 2-round Web-Delphi process for driver’s identification with a panel of 51 experts and other stakeholders: 

Round 1: open-ended questions for idea-generation regarding the reasons for possible evolutions in population health in Europe. 



Source: Alvarenga et al (2019)

Round 2: participants to state their agreement regarding the potential drivers obtained in round 1. The answers were given on a five-level Likert scale (‘Strongly Disagree’, ‘Disagree’, ‘Neither Agree nor Disagree’, ‘Agree’, ‘Strongly Agree’). With the support of the Welphi platform, approval and rejection rules were applied to lead to a final set of 49 drivers. 

The results of the web-Delphi were then used in two face-to-face workshops with a strategic group of 13 experts where three scenario narratives were elaborated regarding the evolution of PH inequalities in Europe until 2030: ‘Failing Europe’ (worst-case but plausible picture of the future), ‘Sustainable Prosperity’ (best-case but a plausible picture of the future) and Stuck’ (best of our knowledge’ evolution). 




Source: Alvarenga et al. (2019)

Conclusion

By using the Welphi platform, this scenario-building process allowed to include the views and perspectives of a diverse and geographically dispersed group of experts, stakeholders and policy-makers. This not only contributes for their validity but particularly meets the challenge of enhancing participation in scenario building. 

Click here to access the full article.